Which of the following is an absolute imaging criterion for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism?

In the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, the presence of an intraluminal filling defect is considered an absolute imaging criterion. This finding occurs when a thrombus obstructs a pulmonary artery, creating a visible defect in the normal filling pattern of the vessel on imaging studies such as CT pulmonary angiography. The presence of this filling defect is directly indicative of an embolism, as it highlights the interruption of blood flow caused by the embolus.

The significance of this criterion lies in its reliability; it is a clear and definitive sign that there is an obstruction in the pulmonary arterial circulation. This imaging characteristic helps radiologists and clinicians to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with a high degree of confidence, enabling appropriate management and treatment for the patient.

Other mentioned criteria, while they may be indicative of pulmonary embolism, are not classified as absolute imaging criteria. Therefore, understanding the implications and interpretations of each imaging finding is crucial in establishing a correct diagnosis and providing effective care.