What is the pore size range in distal filters used for embolic protection?

Distal filters used for embolic protection are designed to capture and retain embolic particles that may be generated during vascular interventions. The pore size range of these filters plays a crucial role in effectively trapping particles without significantly impeding blood flow.

The typical pore size for distal filters is from 80 micrometers (μm) to 200 micrometers (μm). This range is considered optimal because it allows for the capturing of larger embolic debris, such as plaque or thrombus material, while still permitting the passage of red blood cells and platelets, which are essential for maintaining normal blood circulation and minimizing complications. By having a lower limit of 80 μm, the filter can effectively trap clinically relevant particles while not being too restrictive for blood flow. The upper limit of 200 μm prevents the filter from becoming ineffective against larger particles that could pose a risk of embolism if they were to enter the downstream circulation.

In contrast, narrower pore sizes mentioned in the other choices, such as 90 μm or 135 μm, would increase the risk of occlusion, as they are too restrictive, while larger ranges would permit larger particles that could lead to complications. This makes the 80 μm to 200 μm